Our hair as a derivative of the skin has a very complex multi -layer structure, each component of which is important for maintaining the health, strength and appearance of all hair.And any component of the general structure can be damaged for certain reasons, which leads to completely different disorders.
Our hair as a derivative of the skin has a very complex multi -layer structure, each component of which is important for maintaining the health, strength and appearance of all hair.And any component of the general structure can be damaged for certain causes, leading to completely different disorders.Therefore, to fight these disorders and to restore the structure of damaged hair should also be different.
What is the hair made of?
For starters, I have to say that all hair can be divided into two parts: 1. External, long, which is in sight and is called shipping.2. The internal, very small, which is located in the dermal layer of the skin and is a hair root.
The most significant difference between these two parts of the hair is that its rod consists completely of dead keratinized (ie keratinized) cells.And living cells that are able to grow and multiply are located only in the root, in a hair bulb.It is there they, sharing in the activity phase, lengthening the hair of the hair, as if they "build" it from below.
This fact follows a very important consequence: if the hair structure is damaged, any cosmetics with a nutritional effect will be useless.After all, there is nothing to nourish in the rod, as it consists of dead cells, with which all these "miraculous restorative components" of shampoos, masks and other things simply cannot interact.Another thing is that such cosmetics will undoubtedly have a beneficial effect on the roots of the hair, which will not interfere with the extra diet.
To this small example, it becomes obvious that to choose the right one means that restoring the hair structure, you must first find out which part of their component is damaged.
The outer sheath of hair
It's also called a cuticle.It consists of very small flattened cells, which usually lightly overlap each other with one edge, resembling a tile or fish coating.The main function of the cuticle is protective.Its rocks of keratins, tightly adjusting each other, prevent moisture loss with the inner layers of hair, which allows it to remain flexible and durable along its entire length.
In addition, the cells of the cuticle are covered with fat, which falls on them by the sebaceous gland located next to the onion of the hair.This fatty secret of the skin is necessary to avoid giving keratin scales to move away from each other, that is, it plays the role of the adhesive.Its second function is to create a thin lipid layer on the surface of the hair.This layer provides the hair with some protection against contamination, aggressive chemical impurities in the atmosphere, acute temperature changes and other adverse environmental factors.Finally, the fat lubricant includes a number of compounds with antiseptic effects that are confronted with damage to the hair of pathogenic microorganisms.
The damage to the cuticle is mainly manifested by the fact that these keratinized cells dissolve and reveal themselves similar to how the ripe pine boom is revealed.This immediately leads to increased loss of moisture from the inner layers of the hair.In addition, they become open to the negative effects of various chemical and physical agents.The first visible symptoms of such damage are:
- increased brittle hair;
- their research;
- Increasing sensitivity to static electricity;
The middle layer of hair
Below the exterior of the hair is the bark.This is the name of keratinized tissue, which is made up of dead cells with an elongated shape.Their main function is the formation of the frame, which guarantees the strength and elasticity of the hair.In addition, it is in the cells of the bark layer that contains melanin - a pigment that gives the hair color.It also enters the bark in the hair follicle and the greater its concentration, the darker the shadow of your hairstyle will be.
Damage to the middle hair sheath almost always occurs after the destruction of its external protection - the cuticle.First of all, the disorders of the structure of the bark will be associated with the loss of moisture - the hair becomes dry and sharply loses its power.And the visible manifestation of this will be good and quite hated by all :) Secondary goals.What is common to call this term is just the bark, which, after losing the outer protective sheath, has dried and grew into two or more parts in a longitudinal direction.
In addition, a dye particles that changes the color of the hair during dyeing are also embedded in this layer of the rod.To do this, through chemical interactions, they raise the cells of the cuticle's protective layer.And here there is a stick for the two -row:
- On the one hand, artificial pigment is very washed by the damaged bark much faster, which makes the woman increasingly resort to the services of a hairdresser in the cabin;
- On the other hand, such cosmetic effects on the hairstyles themselves do not go without a trace and the question of how to restore the structure of the hair after dyeing, whitening, lightening and chemistry at home is dedicated to many research, as well as articles on our website.
The inside of the hair
The deepest, central part of the hair structure is the so -called brain substance.It is made up of dead keratin cells, but unlike bark and cuticle, these cells are quite soft and have an irregular polygonal shape.There are also a large number of air cavities in the brain substance.
The functional purpose of the central part of the rod still provokes discussions in the scientific community.It is believed that the air in these pockets plays the role of the insulator, helping to maintain a constant scalp temperature.In addition, some trichologists suggest that a number of compounds are able to spread according to the brain substance from the skin to the ends of the hair.This explains the rapid worsening of hair appearance, such as certain types of intoxication.
What should I do if the bark is already damaged?
In the structure of the hair, this layer has a maximum thickness, you can even say that the hair consists mainly of Cortex.Therefore, if the damage has come so far, it will not be possible to take particularly effective measures.Temporary solution for restoring hair structure - silicone -based products described above.Unfortunately, their effect will be even more short than in the case of exploded cuticles flakes.Yes, they will be able to glue the split edges, but due to the strength, elasticity and elongated shape of the cells that make up the bark, such "sticking" will not last long.
The best option would be a decisive change in the hairstyle to the shorter.So you are guaranteed to get rid of the split ends of the hair and start to grow newly new, more healthier and intact.In this case, special attention will be paid to high quality moisture and nutrition of hair roots.
And if the brain substance is damaged?
In this case, most likely, there is simply nothing to recover.If hair damage reaches the central brain canal, its nucleus, then the hair is almost guaranteed to be broken.Therefore, here the most reasonable approach will get rid of it by cutting it.
By the way, it will be most correct for the hairstyle to contact the salon to the professional hairdresser.It will be able to shorten your hairstyle with special blades with blades that heat up and retain stable high temperatures during operation.Such a technique allows you to maintain the structure, as well as the intact, closer to the root, part of the hair as possible.The hot metal of the blades, as it was, "seals" the cuticle on the cut, which significantly reduces the loss of moisture with the bark and the likelihood of a more exterior to external keratinized cells in the cutting area.
The inside of the hair structure is the root of the hair
The hair root is surrounded by a capsule that includes a thin blood vessel, delivering it with oxygen and nutrients.All this education in the complex is called onions or hair follicle.In addition, the muscle fibers, as well as the sebaceous gland, whose duct opens in the bulb in front of his mouth, adheres to it.It should always be borne in mind that damage to the hair structure is rarely so selective that they only affect the stick, leaving the roots completely unchanged.Therefore, regeneration should be complicated - only in this case can the most positive results be achieved.
In addition, cosmetologists claim that in such procedures it is the effects of hair follicles that should be reversed most.For example, to choose how to restore the structure of dry hair, moisturizing and nutrition of the bulbs should give more time than attempts to restore the balance of fluid in the bars.The logic of this advice is simple: the outer part of the hair is dead cells and how not to supply them with moisture, with the damaged outer layer for a long time, they will still not keep it.But the roots are a living matter that is responsible for the formation of a new, completely healthy rod, while depleting it with enough water.
What can damage the structure of the hair follicle?
- Vitamin deficiency and/or monitors elements.First, these are vitamins such as, A (retinol), B1 (thiamine), B7 (biotin), C (ascorbic acid) and K (philoquinone).And from trace elements, the deficiency of calcium, copper, zinc, selenium and silicon is particularly dangerous.
- Moisture deficiency.Water enters our skin later from all other organs.Accordingly, if it is suddenly missing, then first, only the skin and hair will suffer from it like its derivative.
- Diet disorders.This includes excess fried, fatty and spicy foods, sweet and flour.Saars from hair follicles, dairy products, nuts, legumes, vegetables, fruits, dietary meat and fish will help to help the health of the hair follicles.
- Errors in the crust.Here you can list many disorders caused by improper coloring and thermal application of the hair, which damage the combination and a number of cosmetic procedures.
- Bad habits, chronic psycho -emotional workloads, sleep disorders and alertness.
- Anemia, parasitic infections, diseases of the digestive system, internal secretory glands, reproductive organs and other chronic pathologies.
- Low winter temperatures, aggressive ultraviolet radiation, heat and dry wind in summer, chemicals in the atmosphere of industrial metropolitan areas and other negative environmental factors.
Professional cosmetics
This includes mostly shampoos that must be selected according to your hair type.These should include such specialized components for care as aromatic oils, softening substances (lanolin, panthenol), etc.Even less frequently (no more than 1 time a week), thick active masks should be applied to the roots of the hair - their components have such an intense effect that when used, they can even worsen the condition of the hairstyle.
Initial methods
Such cosmetics are usually not as effective as the professional, but it costs much smaller and you can prepare it yourself at any time.Such tools include mostly different home masks, as well as the decoction of medicinal plants.
Pharmacological drugs
When restoring the structure of hair roots, medicines that improve blood circulation in the follicle will help:
- Peripheral blood flow stimulants;
- antispasmodics (nitrites and nitrates, isocinolin derivative, purine and gazimidazole, complex esters of carbon acid, etc.);
- Vasodilators (first of all - minoxidil, as the most positively proven drug in trichological practice).
Physiotherapy
Of these, the most effective are:
- acupuncture;
- UV radiation;
- electrodermatimulation;
- Scalp massage.
Hardware techniques
This is a pretty new direction in the beauty science, which is only actively used in professional salons and beauty clinics today, as it requires expensive high -tech equipment.Such methods include:
- The laser affects where hair growth stimulates coherent light radiation;
- Plasmotherapy - injections into the blood scalp of the patient himself, enriched with platelets;
- Mesotherapy - subcutaneous application of "cocktails" of biologically active substances;
- Ozone therapy - local oxygen supply in the form of injections;
- Crossing is a cold effect that causes a reflex to enhance blood circulation in the skin.